Mathematics - Numbers, Symbols and Numbering Systems - 2
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The symbols 0 and 1 are used to represent the numbers 0 to 9 as well. Under the binary system, the number 9 is represented as 1001. The binary numbering system is read from right to left, starting with the exponent 0. Each digit to the left has one higher exponent number, where the binary symbol representing each digit is multiplied by the number 2, which has a power of the exponent associated with that digit.

The binary numbering system is used mostly in semi-conductor electronics when describing on-off chain states.

Other numbering system use the numbers 5 or 16 as their base.

Below are shown several numbering systems:

Decimal

Symbols: 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9

Base:10

Binary

Symbols:0.1

Base: 2

Octal

Symbols: 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7

Base: 8

Hexadecimal

Symbols: 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,B,C,D,E,F

Base: 16

Threescore

Symbols: 0...59

Base: 60

The most varied of ways to describe values have been invented, such as the symbols used by the Romans or the Arabs (Indian).

Numbers can then be classified differently, such as "natural numbers", "rational numbers" or "whole numbers". Each category has its own characteristic which is revealed through its mathematical use.

Mathematics - Numbers, Symbols and Numbering Systems
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